circulating tumour cell kit  (CellSearch inc)

Journal: Nature Reviews Bioengineering

Article Title: Analytical device miniaturization for the detection of circulating biomarkers

doi: 10.1038/s44222-023-00050-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: a , Cells secrete diverse (sub)cellular materials into the systemic circulation. Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) are whole cancer cells disseminated from the primary tumour. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small (10–2,000 nm) vesicles released by a variety of cells. Living cells, particularly rapidly dividing cells, secrete exosomes and microvesicles. Free-floating molecules (circulating nucleic acids and proteins) are released into the bloodstream by different mechanisms such as necrosis and apoptosis. b , CTCs can circulate as single cells or clusters, both of which have metastatic and invasive potential. CTCs can be distinguished from blood cells through their biophysical and biomolecular properties. CTCs are bigger and stiffer than blood cells and they contain epithelial markers as well as tumour markers. c , EVs carry diverse molecular content (proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and their various modifications) inherited from their parent cells. EVs also possess acquired markers through surface interactions with different molecules (proteins and nucleic acids). As vehicles of intercellular communication, EVs deliver molecular cargoes to recipient cells to modulate biological processes. d , Changes in the abundance of cell-free factors can serve as a biomarker in distinguishing healthy and diseased states. Mutational status, epigenetic and post-translational modifications, and interactions with other factors can further provide multifaceted information to inform specific disease profiles.

Article Snippet: CELLSEARCH Circulating Tumour Cell Kit (Menarini Silicon Biosystems) , CTC , Quantification based on marker selection (CD45 − , EpCAM + , CK8 + , CK18 + and/or CK19 + ) , Breast, prostate and colorectal cancer , – .

Techniques: Biomarker Assay

Journal: Nature Reviews Bioengineering

Article Title: Analytical device miniaturization for the detection of circulating biomarkers

doi: 10.1038/s44222-023-00050-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: a , Size-matching technologies can cater to the various sizes of circulating biomarkers. Micron-scale manipulation can be achieved by micropatterned systems such as microfluidics and microelectronics. Sub-micron assessment requires nanodevices that exhibit size-complementary near-field effects. In addition, nanomaterials with different compositions and hierarchical organizations can be synthesized to construct different architectures with multimodal capabilities. Molecular control can be achieved using biological building blocks such as nucleic acids and proteins. b , Biomarkers can be selectively enriched by exploiting their biophysical and/or biomolecular properties; for example, a deterministic lateral displacement array allows size-based enrichment, cationized polymers enable charge-based enrichment, and functionalized nanoparticles and molecular nanostructures allow biochemical enrichment. Integrated enrichment strategies are often applied to achieve high-coverage biomarker enrichment. c , An analytical platform that integrates enrichment, culturing, processing and detection modules can extract multiparametric information from diverse circulating biomarkers. The acquired information can be processed and modelled using large-scale machine learning algorithms to develop composite signatures and accurate classifications. CTC, circulating tumour cell; t -SNE, t -distributed stochastic neighbour embedding.

Article Snippet: CELLSEARCH Circulating Tumour Cell Kit (Menarini Silicon Biosystems) , CTC , Quantification based on marker selection (CD45 − , EpCAM + , CK8 + , CK18 + and/or CK19 + ) , Breast, prostate and colorectal cancer , – .

Techniques: Synthesized, Construct, Biomarker Assay

Journal: Nature Reviews Bioengineering

Article Title: Analytical device miniaturization for the detection of circulating biomarkers

doi: 10.1038/s44222-023-00050-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: a , Size-based enrichment of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) using spiral microfluidics. Larger CTCs and smaller blood cells are separated under the combined effects of an inertial lift force and Dean drag force. b , Geometry-based enrichment of CTC clusters using microfluidic bifurcating traps. CTC clusters are captured at the bifurcation formed by a set of three triangular micropillars. Scale bars, 60 μm. c , Positive biomolecular enrichment using epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)-coated silicon micropillars. Scale bar, 50 μm. d , Negative selection through immunomagnetic removal of blood cells. e , Direct quantification of CTCs using microfabricated Hall sensors. The sensors measure the magnetic moment of magnetically labelled CTCs in unprocessed blood. f , In vivo detection of CTCs based on photoacoustic (PA) flow cytometry. Laser heating of light-absorbing melanin expressed in melanoma CTCs causes acoustic waves to travel to the transducers, enabling label-free and in situ quantification of CTCs. g , Evaluation of migratory and proliferative potential of glioblastoma CTCs using a Y-shape microfluidic channel. The microfluidic device contains a series of Y-shaped microchannels. The time-lapse images show migrating CTCs with different motilities. h , Quantification of CTC intercellular adhesion based on harmonic acoustic manipulation. Single cells are reversibly paired or separated by tuning the acoustic wells. i , Single-CTC immunoblotting using a miniaturized projection electrophoresis device. The integrated system enables cell loading, lysis, protein separation, immunoprobing and data readout. AFU, arbitrary fluorescence unit; BSA, bovine serum albumin; CBC, circulating blood clot; IgG, immunoglobulin G; OVA, ovalbumin. Part a reprinted from ref. , Springer Nature Limited. Part b adapted from ref. , Springer Nature Limited. Part c reprinted from ref. , Springer Nature Limited. Panel d reprinted with permission from ref. , Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Part e adapted/reprinted from ref. . ©The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee AAAS. Part f reprinted from ref. with permission from AAAS. Part g adapted from ref. , Springer Nature Limited. Panel h adapted from ref. , Springer Nature Limited. Part i adapted from ref. , Springer Nature Limited.

Article Snippet: CELLSEARCH Circulating Tumour Cell Kit (Menarini Silicon Biosystems) , CTC , Quantification based on marker selection (CD45 − , EpCAM + , CK8 + , CK18 + and/or CK19 + ) , Breast, prostate and colorectal cancer , – .

Techniques: Selection, In Vivo, Flow Cytometry, In Situ, Western Blot, Electrophoresis, Lysis, Fluorescence

Journal: Nature Reviews Bioengineering

Article Title: Analytical device miniaturization for the detection of circulating biomarkers

doi: 10.1038/s44222-023-00050-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: Clinically approved liquid biopsy assays

Article Snippet: CELLSEARCH Circulating Tumour Cell Kit (Menarini Silicon Biosystems) , CTC , Quantification based on marker selection (CD45 − , EpCAM + , CK8 + , CK18 + and/or CK19 + ) , Breast, prostate and colorectal cancer , – .

Techniques: Marker, Selection, Methylation, Mutagenesis